Multiplication Facts
Multiplication Facts are any multiplication combination of 1-digit numbers [including 0]. These include 7 x 5, 7 x 0, and 0 x 5.
Reminder 1: 6 x 7 = 42; in this case, 6 and 7 are the factors and 42 is the product.
Reminder 2: Property of Zero- Any number multiplied by 0 is equal to 0.
9 x 0 = 0 and 0 x 4 = 0
Reminder 3: Property of One [Identity Property]- Any number multiplied by 1 is the same number. 1 x 3 = 3 and 3 x 1 = 3
Reminder 4: Commutative Property of Multiplication: The factors in a multiplication problem can be switched but the product will be the same.
5 x 3 = 3 x 5 = 15
Reminder 5: Associative Property of Multiplication: The factors can be grouped in any way and the product will be the same.
3 x 2 x 6 = [3 x 2] x 6 = 3 x [2 x 6] = 36
Reminder 6: Distributive Property of Multiplication- To multiply a number by 2 numbers being added, multiply each number by the factor and then add to get the product.
[2 + 3] x 4 = [4 x 2] + [4 x 3] = 8 + 12 = 20
Here are some methods to solve multiplication facts if you happen to forget a product.
Method 1: Every multiplication fact is like an extended addition fact.
For example: 4 x 5 = 4 fives or 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20. This is easier done when one factor is less than 5. To solve it, simply make it into an addition problem.
Practice these problems using Method 1:
Practice 1:
3 x 4
3 fours = 4 + 4 + 4 = (12)
Practice 2:
5 x 3
5 threes = (3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3) = (15)
Method 2: If you cannot remember the answer the problem can sometimes be made easier by switching the factors using the commutative property of multiplication.
Example: Suppose you forgot 7 x 3, switch the factors to get 3 x 7.
(This method will help only if you remember the problem after it is switched around)
Practice 1:
5 x 8
8 x 5 = (40)
Practice 2:
7 x 6
6 x (7) = (42)
Method 3: If the factors of a problem are too complicated, you can split one into 2 easier numbers that add up to that factor. Multiply both parts by the second factor, and then add. This is the Distributive Property of Multiplication.
Example: 6 x 5 = 6 x [2 + 3] = [6 x 2] + [6 x 3] = 12 + 18 = 30
So, 6 x 5 = 30
Practice 1:
7 x 6
7 x [3 + 3]
7 x 3 = (21)
7 x 3 = (21)
(21) + (21) = (42)
Practice 2:
8 x 9
9 = (4) + (5)
8 x (4) = (32)
8 x (5) = (40)
(32) + (40) = (72)
Although the numbers you chose to split 8 into may vary, the answer will always be the same.
Solve Mentally:
1. 8 x 9
2. 7 x 5
3. 3 x 7
4. 6 x 4
5. 4 x 8
6. 9 x 6
Multiplication Table*
| x |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
| 2 |
4 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
12 |
14 |
16 |
18 |
| 3 |
6 |
9 |
12 |
15 |
18 |
21 |
24 |
27 |
| 4 |
8 |
12 |
16 |
20 |
24 |
28 |
32 |
36 |
| 5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
35 |
40 |
45 |
| 6 |
12 |
18 |
24 |
30 |
36 |
42 |
48 |
54 |
| 7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
35 |
42 |
49 |
56 |
63 |
| 8 |
16 |
24 |
32 |
40 |
48 |
56 |
64 |
72 |
| 9 |
18 |
27 |
36 |
45 |
54 |
63 |
72 |
81 |
*0 and 1 are not included because any number times 0 is 0 and any number times 1 is itself.
This table will help you find and memorize products for multiplication facts. To use this table find the first factor on top and imagine a line going down from that number. Find the second factor on the left and imagine a line going right. The box where those two imaginary lines cross is the product of those two numbers.
For example, for 4 x 9 go down from 4 and right from 9. They intersect at 36 so 4 x 9 = 36. | 
